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The Greening of Law School IT

What follows are my notes from my Presentation at the 2010 CALI conference at Rutgers Law School at Camden.  If you’d like to see a video of the presentation you can find it here.
Today we are going to learn how you can save your organization money, and reduce it’s burden on the environment, all starting in the computer lab, by reducing energy consumption.

The keys that I’ve found for reducing electricity as an individual or in an organization are to:

  • Measure every electrical device possible
  • Implement changes where ever you have the power to do so
  • Educate everyone in your organization
Measure:
  • Do you know how much it costs to run a lab computer?  Before making changes to our lab, it cost $7 per day to run our 42 computers, which quickly adds up to $2500 in a year!
  • Terminology: kWh = Kilowatt hour.  If you turn on a 100 watt light bulb for 10 hours you will have used 1000 watts, or 1 Kilowatt.
  • Price of kWh varies widely across the country. Do you know what the price of electricity is in your area? Washington state has the lowest price at $0.06 / KWh, and Hawaii the highest at $0.28 / KWh.  The average in the US is about $0.11 / KWh.  In Pennsylvania, running a 100 watt light bulb for 10 hours will cost about $0.12.
  • Measure every piece of equipment you can using a Kill A Watt (Only $20 on Amazon.com).
    • Measure full power (watching video), Normal (word processing), Sleep & Hibernate modes (power draw can vary quite a bit).
    • It can measure the power consumption of all types of equipment: printers, lamps, monitors, TV’s, etc.
    • The chart below show the total cost of running each device 24 x 7 for a year. The cost per KWh used is $0.12.
  • Electrical usage across devices varies greatly. The iPad uses very little electricity… Laptops also use electricity sparingly, but desktop computers without power saving settings enabled use quite a bit of electricity. Most people don’t know this.
  • When my kids are playing on our XBox360 and the 46” TV, they use a lot of electricity: A combined 325 watts, as opposed to my 4 watts as I surf on my iPad ;-)
  • To measure the total electrical usage in a building, or if possible parts of the building (most buildings have several electrical panels). The Energy Detective does a great job measuring the total usage in my home, and they are coming out with a commercial 3-phase version soon.
  • The Energy Detective, as well as other similar devices, come with real time dashboard that displays current usage as well as tracks historical usage.

Implement:

  • Implement everywhere that you have control! The number one thing that we did was to turn computers off every night. Because of a patch management tool that we previously used, we asked our faculty and staff to leave their computers on. For the same reason we left our Lab computers turned on 24 x 7. By doing just this alone we can reduce electrical consumption by computer by 60-70%
  • Make Power saving the default on new computers. Encourage Faculty and Staff to make changes, by showing them how. In the past I’ve disabled power saving settings on new XP computers because of the instability introduced, but the tools seem much better in Windows 7. OSX power management features are excellent and reliable.
  • If you use Ghost or other similar product, you can schedule shutdown and start up times globally. If you don’t use ghost like us, we use the “Scheduled Task Wizard” and a simple command line: Start -> All Programs -> Accessories -> System Tools -> Task Scheduler … create a new task that runs the following windows Utility: c:\windows\system32\shutdown.exe -s   We have the task run at 10:20PM every night (the library closes at 10pm) except Friday nights, so that Windows update can do it’s magic.
  • Buy Energy Star equipment… make power consumption a consideration along with price. Also factor energy cost into total cost of the hardware purchase.
  • Virtualize servers whenever possible. Server use a lot of electricity. If you can reduce the number of “boxes” you are running, you can typically reduce your electrical consumption significantly. We’re in the process of virtualizing our servers as they come up for retirement.

Educate:

  • People can’t make good decisions unless they have information.  Example from home: Electric Hot water tank uses the majority of the electricity in our home… I was worrying about turning lights off, when it was shower length that I should have been worried about. Most people are the same when it comes to office equipment.
  • Visibility is Very important.  Once people are able to monitor their usage, consumption typically drops by 20%.  Using a web based display, or adding power usage to your faculty website would be an easy way to let everyone know how things are going.

  • Let People Know: When you make changes in the computer labs, let everyone know.  I did this via an email to faculty, staff and students, so that they’d know why the computers in the lab would not be turned on for them in the morning.  I also included in that email Tips for how Faculty and Staff could reduce their energy usage at their work station.
  • Tips for Faculty: Do not give your faculty and staff a long list of things to do… just 2 or 3 key things that they can easily do… don’t overwhelm them..  Let them know relatively speaking how much energy they’ll save by doing each thing.
    1. Shut down every night
    2. Enable Power Management
    3. Use a Laptop when possible
  • Competition: Once people know what they are using, then you can pit them against each other in a competition.  Business School vs. the Law School… Just don’t let the Business School set the rules. Good natured competition can get people to focus in a manner that it is difficult to do in any other way.
  • While there is not a direct link between electricity usage and the problems in the Gulf; if we used less energy of all forms, including electricity, we wouldn’t need to import as much oil, or drill for oil in such difficult locations like the gulf…

Microsoft Word Web App – Good But Not Great for Students

I’m happy to see that Microsoft is finally getting into the on line office market. There is nothing better for inovation than competition between two companies with a lot of money, and a lot of smart employees. I’ve been a heavy user of the Google Docs wordprocessor and spreadsheet apps since 2006.  The Google Docs apps are not as powerful as the desktop Microsoft Office programs, but now have enough features that I have almost stopped using Microsoft Office desktop products.  The thing that drew me to Google Docs in the first place was it’s excellent collaboration features, like real time multi-user document editing and a strong version control system – all essential features for college students.

Here are my thoughts on Microsoft Word Web App (live.office.com). Before you test drive it yourself, you’ll need an active hotmail.com or live.com account.

Word Web App Pros:

  • The look and feel of the Word Web App is very similar to Word 2007.  Similar, but not as many features, which is to be expected at this point in it’s product development. If you use Word 2007 you have a very small learning curve.
  • Sharing a document with others is easy to do.  Having the document on the internet makes collaboration simple… no more worrying about whether or not you have the most recent version in your email inbox or not.
  • The built in version control looks solid.  It is now a trivial task to revert the document back to an earlier version if necessary, or see what was deleted by accident.
  • 25GB of file storage is excellent. I’m not sure what the limite is in Google Docs to be honest.
  • You can edit documents in any web browser, not just Internet Explorer.  I’ve been working in Google Chrome on a Mac, and the experience has been good.

Word Web App Cons:

  • No printing.  This is huge.  You cannot print unless you open your document in the desktop version of Microsoft Word, or a compatible word processer like OpenOffice.  I can understand that they still want people to buy their desktop version of Office, but not being able to print makes Google Docs look very good.
  • No footnotes or endnotes. For students this is a problem.  You can add footnotes and endnotes in the desktop version of Word, but you can’t edit them or even see them in the online version.  Hopefully this will change soon, as this is a big problem for students who need to cite their references.  Google Docs started out without footnotes, but added them in October of 2008.
  • While you can edit documents just fine in any web browser, if you want to edit the file in your desktop version of Word you need to be on a Windows computer in Internet Explorer.  Not a huge deal, unless you need to add footnotes, or want an easy way to print.

Whether you end up using Microsoft Office Web Apps, or Google Docs, we’re all going to benefit from Microsoft getting into this market.  Overall this is a good first effort from Microsoft.  Hopefully they’ll quickly add printing and footnotes to their otherwise excellent product.

Here’s a short Google Apps video that shows how useful real time collaboration on a document can be… no more emailing a document back and forth between collaborators:

Mobile Computing Discussion @ UVic Libraries

Here’s a link to the outline of the Mobile Computing Discussion I’m leading today at the UVic Libraries.  Once I’ve cleaned up the notes, I’ll post them below:

Reading List for Mobile Computing and the iPad Discussion:

Read more…

Who knew that Lada Gaga was a Librarian!

2010/05/29 Rich McCue 2 comments

I work in a law library, but I can quite imagine our librarians doing a remix of a Lady Gaga song called “Catalog” (aka Poker Face).  You really have to be up on your library terminology to get what the reworked lyrics are saying.  The students and librarians at the University of Washington Information School did a great job!  Enjoy!

UVic Law Student Technology Survey 2010

2010/03/18 Rich McCue 2 comments

Introduction to the Survey Results

In addition to the technology questions we’ve been asking UVic law students over the past seven years, we decided to ask some extra questions about the increasing important mobile technology that students are arriving at Law School equipped with.  One major change to the methodology of this survey compared to past years is that we sent the survey to all students at the law school, not just first year students.  The response rate was 25% this year rather than close to 100% in previous years.

[Note: if you have problems seeing any graphs on this page, please look at the underlying Google Doc's page for this blog post]

Executive Summary:

  • 30% of students own “Smart Phones” that can browse the internet.
  • 97% of students own laptops, and over 60% own both a laptop and a desktop computer.
  • 39% of student laptops are Mac’s.
  • The average laptop price dropped to $1,200 from $1400 in 2007, and from $2,100 in 2004.
  • All students now report having high speed internet in their homes.
  • 82% of students bring their laptops to school almost every day.
  • 86% of students own MP3 players capable of listening to recorded lectures.
  • 54% of students use Gmail as their primary email account, 18% use UVic email and 15% Hotmail.
  • 58% of students identified MS Word as their favorite tool for collaborative document editing.  27% chose Google Docs, 5% OpenOffice Writer & 10% “Other”.
  • 100% of students now have access to high speed internet at their homes.
  • 86% of students use Facebook and 65% of those students would like to see law school events and activities published on Facebook as well as through the online faculty calendar of events.

Read more…

Funky Bar Codes Make Smart Phones Smarter

2010/03/12 Rich McCue 1 comment

You may have noticed the new sign outside the Law Library computer lab with the funky looking bar code on it (a QR Code).  What does it do?  It allows our patrons who have a smart phone (like an iPhone or BlackBerry) to download a free application (NeoReader), and then take a picture of the bar code with that app… The app then launches their smart phone’s web browser and takes them to the room schedule page so that they can see when the lab is booked for classes.  While this is useful, it hopefully will be a lot more useful once we are using the Main UVic Library’s room booking system, so that students will be able to check the availability of a room, and then book it from their cell phone while standing in front of the room.

This is just a trial to see what sort of uptake we get from students, and how helpful they find it. Some other possible uses for this technology in the library are:

  • Study room availability and room booking as I already mentioned.
  • Library tours – posters in different areas of the library with the bar codes so that students can access information relevant to that particular space. Audio tours can also be provided this way.
  • Library Maps – Instead of just a map that has, Reference, Reserve, Computer Lab on it, put QR codes for each area that has a web page, so that the patron can go directly to that web page for more information.
  • SMS reference service via a 2D bar code on the library web site.
  • Library Reviews – if someone has done a review on a book or item, a bar code can be put on that item, linking to the review.
  • Event Posters – if there is a web page associated with an event, a bar code linking to that web page can be put on the poster.
  • Link to Phone number on a web page so people don’t have to dial the number on their phone.

While installing the bar code scanner app on an iPhone is quite easy, it remains to be seen how many students have a smart phone capable of reading the bar codes, and how many of those students will actually find this useful. I just sent a survey out to law students, asking in part what cell phone they use, so we should have some good data on the number of students who have a device that can read the 2D bar codes in a week or two.

I have also spoken briefly with Ben Naylor about how the LSS might find this technology useful in their communications with students.  If multiple organizations in the Fraser building begin to use it, and enough students have cell phones that can read the 2D bar codes, we can hopefully make all our lives a little bit easier.

If you want to create a 2D bar code, here is a link to a free QR Code Generator that anyone can use.  Let me know if you have any other ideas on how we could use this technology!

Google vs. the Library – Goliath vs. David?

2010/03/04 Rich McCue 1 comment

I spoke to a local Rotary club recently on topic of - Google vs. the Library: Research & Collaboration in the 21st Century. The group wanted to know if Google and the Internet would be putting our libraries out of business.  My answer?  Yes and No (see the link above for more details).

Yes, Google and the internet (specifically Wikipedia) have already put libraries out of the business of providing basic reference material.

No, Google and the internet will not put libraries out of the business of lending books in the short run.  More importantly, Libraries for the foreseeable future will the the primary conduit for most people to access high quality and expensive research databases like Pub Med and other walled off online journals.

One interesting factoid from the presentation: The Encyclopedia Britannica contains about 100,000 articles and costs over $1,000 for a set of books. Wikipedia has over 3,000,000 articles and is completely free.  Wikipedia is 30 times larger than Britannica, and is widening it’s lead on a daily basis.

For now the Goliath vs. David battle is a draw ;-)

Is This what Museums & Libraries will Look Like 20 Years from Now?

The British Museum and the BBC have teamed up to create a website that presents the world’s history via objects (in digital form of course) contained in the British Museum.  The site is called: A History of the World.  BBC Raido will be broadcasting shows that discuss items on the website and point people to the site in case they would like to explore further.  There will also be a CBBC 13 part series that will looks at relics that are part of the collection.

I’ve always thought that a big part of the future of both libraries and museums will be in digitizing the unique portions of their collections and then make those digital object available to the world.  What the BBC and the British museum have done, is create an excellent interface for people to browse their collection online, which make it much more accessible than it could ever be in a brick and mortar building.

I should probably get more involved in the digitization projects going on at the University of Victoria Libraries where I work!

The End of Research Universities

2004/10/20 Rich McCue Comments off

Notes from an address by James Duderstadt, President Emeritus, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
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Libraries Going Forward…

2004/09/08 Rich McCue Comments off

Meeting End User Needs
Rich McCue, July 9, 2004

Over the past year or so I’ve had a few ideas bouncing around my head about libraries and the long term direction they should be heading in. Some of these ideas have come from conferences I’ve attended, others from articles. The “2003 OCLC Environmental Scan: Pattern Recognition” brought a lot of those ideas together for me. Below are some quotes from the report and my thoughts on them.
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